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J. C. GASTON.

I Churn.

No. 66,015; v

N. FETERS. FHOTO-LITNOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D C Patented June 25, 1867.

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JAMES c. GASTON, OF GINGINNATI OHIOf Lam-s Patent No. 66,015, dated June 25,1867.

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TO ALL'WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that LJ. 0. GASTON, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county {and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful improvement in Chorus, of which the following is a full and clear description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

The nature of my invention consists in the construct-ion of the cover of the churn whereby an ample amount of fresh air may have access to the interior of the churn through openings in the side walls of a guard chamber immediately below the cover to which it is secured, or part of, and at the same time prevent splashing out of the milk when churning; and also to the dasl er, which is composed of eight pieces, more or loss, of thin strips of' wood placed one above the other, and crossing in the axis of the dasherhandle, to the inner end of which they are firmly secured.

Figure 1 is a sectional perspective view of a churn embodying my improvements;

Figure 2, a sectional plan of the under side of the cover of a churn, the section being taken through the guard-chamber.

Figure 3 is a plan of my improved dasher.

A is the barrel of the churn, the upper end of which is provided with the cover B1 The cover 13 has a large central opening, a, of much greater diameter than the dasher-handle which passes through it. C is ,the guard-chamber, having a larger diameter than the opening a. In the full-sized churn the depth of the chamber 0 is made more or less than ohe inch, according to the size of the churn. It is symmetrically located beneath the cover 13. Through the vertical wall 6 of the chamber 0 are made the openings 0, of suilicient size to admit ofv anample volume of air to the interior of the churn, and so formed that no milk can pass through them, and thence over the central opening a. These openings 0 are in the most simple form of construction, rectangular, and are so located that a line drawn from the outer edge oi'an opening through the inner opposite edge of the same opening, shall be tangential to or lie without the edge of the large central opening ain the cover 13.. The opening through the bottom of the chamber 0 is only sufiiciently large to allow of free play to the handle of the dasher. To the dasher-handle D is firmly secured the armed dasher, consisting of a pile of eight, more or less, thin strips, (1, of-woocl or other suitable material; they cross each other in the centres of their lengths, the fiat or broad surfaces being perpendicular to the dasher-hanclle D.

' One of the great inconveniences experienced in churning is derived from the splashings, which'is entirely obviated by using the double cover, or cover having aguard-chamber beneath it, as represented in the a'ccorn panying drawings. What little milk is drawn up through the opening in the bottom of the chamber 0, is caught upon it, and does not flow over the cover 13, and over the sides of the churn and on to the floor; at the same time that a free access of air is had to the interior of the churn, to commingle with the milk and aid in the-collection of butter by means of the openings 0 in the vertical wall I) of guard-chamber C. The splashings are prevented from having an egress through said openings 0, and out througlrthe large central opening a, by coming in contact with inner vertical corner of the openings 0, in the' direction of the opening a. The splashings are thus met by the entire exterior surface of the guard-chamber G, or are deflected from the faces of the openings c, and fall upon the bottom of 'the chamber. This construction of churn-cover enables one to perform the necessary operation of churning in a carpeted room without fear of soiling the floor-covering. The liability to splash is lessened by the use vof my improved flasher, which, being provided with elastic arms d crossing each other at equal angles, agitates more uniformly the milk, displacing it with less violence, and, renders the operation of churning more agreeable.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'- The guard-chamber C, having one or more openings, 1:, in its side wall I), substantially as shown and described;

' J. c. ensron.

Witnesses:

CHARLES L. FISHER, Wu. G. MoGoMAs. 

